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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 23.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008 Jan 11;16(2):156–167. doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e31815a3ea9

Table 1.

Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents with or without a Chronic Pain Condition, by Age Group

With Chronic Pain
(N=3135)
Without Chronic Pain
(N=3494)
Sample Characteristics N(%) Overall
(N=6629)
18~60
(N=2074)
Over 60
(N=1061)
Chisq (df)
P Value
18~60
(N=2904)
Over 60
(N=590)
Chisq (df)
P Value
Age
Under 30 852 (13.8%)
31 to 45 2117 (33.2%)
46 to 60 2009 (25.2%)
Over 60 1651 (27.8%)
Gender
Female 4122 (52.2%) 1396 (56.2%) 746 (64.3%) 211.01 (1) p<0.001 1654 (46.4%) 326 (48.2%) 0.51 (1) p=0.476
Race 24.05 (3) p<0.001 29.54 (3) p<0.001
White 5289 (75.4%) 1654 (74.7%) 910 (83.7%) 2227 (71.0%) 498 (83.3%)
Black 740 (11.8%) 234 (12.1%) 98 (10.1%) 359 (13.2%) 49 (8.2%)
Hispanic 401 (9.7%) 111 (10.0%) 31 (3.4%) 233 (12.9%) 26 (4.7%)
Other 199 (3.1%) 75 (3.3%) 22 (2.8%) 85 (2.9%) 17 (3.8%)
Marital Status 57.76 (2) p<0.001 47.76 (2) p<0.001
Married 3974 (62.1%) 1252 (60.4%) 545 (53.3%) 1829 (66.4%) 348 (61.5%)
Single 2262 (32.5%) 667 (31.4%) 503 (45.8%) 862 (27.0%) 230 (37.9%)
Unmarried partner 375 (5.4%) 148 (8.2%) 11 (0.8%) 206 (6.7%) 10 (0.7%)
Education, N(%) 48.05 (2) p<0.001 33.95 (2) p<0.001
Less than high school 732 (13.2%) 205 (11.3%) 257 (27.5%) 166 (8.1%) 104 (16.2%)
HS Grad or some college 3973 (61.3%) 1275 (64.3%) 628 (57.0%) 1719 (61.0%) 351 (62.5%)
College or high 1924 (25.5%) 594 (24.4%) 176 (15.6%) 1019 (30.9%) 135 (21.3%)
Total household income, Mean (SD) $54297 (56257) $55211 (47255) $31831 (37364) 125.32 (1) p<0.001 $63521 (60342) $48465 (71001) 14.56 (1) p<0.001
Health insurance coverage 211.01 (4) p<0.001 177.31 (4) p<0.001
Medicare 1094 (17.7%) 134 (5.2%) 614 (60.1%) 49 (1.5%) 297 (49.7%)
Medicaid 152 (2.3%) 77 (3.8%) 16 (1.8%) 57 (2.0%) 2 (0.6%)
Private 4468 (66.4%) 1524 (74.1%) 348 (31.1%) 2355 (80.9%) 241 (42.1%)
Other 224 (3.5%) 69 (3.5%) 50 (4.3%) 72 (2.6%) 33 (6.0%)
Uninsured 648 (10.1%) 254 (13.4%) 31 (2.7%) 350 (12.9%) 13 (1.6%)