Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics at intensive care unit admission
| Age (years) | 51.8 (23) |
| Male gender | 96 (74%) |
| Injury Severity Score | 30.3 (7.7) |
| Simplified Acute Physiology Score II Score | 49.8 (14.6) |
| Glasgow Coma Score | 3 (3 to 8) |
| Motor score | 1 (1 to 5) |
| 1 | 78 (60.0%) |
| 2 | 11 (8.5%) |
| 3 | 11 (8.5%) |
| 4 | 6 (4.6%) |
| 5 | 24 (18.5%) |
| Absence of pupillary reflex | |
| Both | 21 (16.2%) |
| One | 11 (8.5%) |
| Systolic arterial pressure <90 mmHg | 7 (5.4%) |
| Tracheal intubation | |
| Prehospital | 105 (81.0%) |
| At admission | 25 (19.2%) |
| Hypotension | 16 (12.3%) |
| Diabetes | 9 (6.9%) |
| History of heart disease | 21 (16.2%) |
| History of arterial hypertension | 24 (18.5%) |
| Chronic renal failure | 1 (0.8%) |
| spO2 (pulse oxymetry) (%) | 97.3 (5.7%) |
| Hypoxia | 11 (8.5%) |
| Plasma HCO3 (mmol/l) | 21.1 (3.4) |
| pCO2 (mmHg) | 38.9 (7.7) |
| Midline shift on brain CT | 32 (24.6%) |
| Cerebral edema on brain CT | 31 (23.8%) |
| Cerebral herniation on brain CT | 21 (16.2%) |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 62 (47.7%) |
| Epidural hematoma | 19 (14.6%) |
| Presence of petechial hemorrhages | 15 (11.5%) |
| Subdural hematoma | 72 (55.4%) |
| Cerebral contusion | 67 (51.5%) |
| Obliteration of the third ventricle or basal cisterns | 31 (23.8%) |
| CT classification | |
| I | 13 (10%) |
| II | 6 (4.6%) |
| III/IV | 9 (6.9%) |
| V/VI | 102 (78.5%) |
| Urgent neurosurgerya | 54 (41.5%) |
| Polytrauma | 78 (60.0%) |
| Thoracic trauma | 89 (68.5%) |
| Abdominal trauma | 25 (29.2%) |
Continuous variates presented as mean (standard deviation) or median (range); categorical variates presented as number (percentage). aWithin 4 hours after intensive care unit admission.