FIG. 1.

TIMP3 is reduced in atherosclerotic plaques of subjects with type 2 diabetes (DM2). ADAM10, ADAM17, and MMP9 (A) as well as TIMPs (B) expression in NGT (n = 37) and type 2 diabetes (n = 23) subjects; ***P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA. C: Western blot using extracellular matrix extracts from representative NGT (n = 2) and type 2 diabetic (n = 4) subjects. *P < 0.05 NGT vs. type 2 diabetes by Student's t test. D–J: Immunohistochemistry confirmed that TIMP3 is reduced in type 2 diabetic (n = 8) versus NGT (n = 8) subjects; one representative image is shown for TIMP3, anti–α smooth muscle actin, and CD68 for NGT (D–F; 4× magnification) and type 2 diabetic (G–J; 4× magnification) subjects. K and I: ADAM17 activity measured by a fluorimetric assay (K) and MMP9 activity measured by a fluorimetric assay (I) are increased in type 2 diabetic (n = 23) compared with NGT (n = 37) subjects; ***P < 0.001 by Student's t test for both. (A high-quality digital representation of this figure is available in the online issue.)