Pickworth et al, 199319
|
5/44 |
6/39 |
0.72 (0.21 to 2.40) |
Presence of new infiltrate in chest x ray picture and three of: rectal temperature >38.5°C, white blood cell count >10 000 cells/mm3, positive sputum culture obtained by leukans trap, or sputum sample obtained by leukans trap with Gram stain containing many white blood cells (>25 white blood cells, <10 epithelial cells, and numerous bacteria/high power field) |
Eddleston et al, 199120
|
10/30 |
3/30 |
4.02 (1.18 to 17.1) |
New and progressive infiltrate in chest x ray picture, unexplained reduction in PaO2, postive culture from tracheal aspirate plus either pyrexia (>38°C) or increase in leucocyte count of >3000/mm3
|
Thomason et al, 196625
|
27/80 |
30/80 |
0.85 (0.45 to 1.61) |
According to Garner et al27: infiltrate in chest x ray picture plus three of: leucocytosis >10 000 cells/mm3; Gram negative organisms on tracheal or blood culture; tracheal Gram stain showing moderate to heavy bacteria or polymorphoneutrophils (>25/high power field); pathogens isolated from tracheal culture; temperature >38°C |
Prod'hom et al, 199421
|
21/80 |
10/83 |
2.53 (1.15 to 5.86) |
According to Salata et al28: new or progressive infiltrate in chest x ray picture and at least one of: microbiological or histopathological evidence of pneumonia; presence of at least two of: leucocytes on Gram stain, new leucocytosis, temperature increase from <37.5°C to >38.5°C |
O'Keefe et al, 199826
|
14/49 |
10/47 |
1.46 (0.59 to 3.70) |
Leucocytes >12 000/ mm3, new or changing infiltrate in chest x ray picture, temperature >38.5°C or <36.5°C, and positive sputum and Gram stain for specific pathogens. Results of this clinical trial have in part been reported in separate publication (Maier et al, 199424) |
Laggner et al, 198922
|
2/16 |
0/16 |
5.67 (not computable) |
New infilitrate in chest x ray picture with bronchial colonisation, leucocytosis (>15 000/mm3), and fever >38.5°C |
Cook et al, 19983
|
114/596 |
98/604 |
1.22 (0.91 to 1.64) |
By consensus of specific pneumonia adjudication committee. Main criteria included new infiltrate in chest x ray picture plus at least two of: temperature >38.5°C or <35.0°C; leucocyte count >10 000 cells/mm3 or <3000 cells/mm3; purulent sputum or positive culture |
Mustafa et al, 199523
|
9/16 |
3/15 |
4.52 (1.12 to 23.6) |
No specific definition |
Total |
202/911 (22%) |
160/914 (18%) |
— |
|