Figure 2. Flow diagram showing performance of the dipstick rapid diagnostic test (RDT) conducted in the field on unprepared cerebrospinal fluid, against a reference standard of culture and/or PCR, to diagnose N. meningitidis serogroup A (NmA).

(Note: “No reference standard” indicates those samples for which the reference standard result was undetermined or where there was not enough CSF remaining to conduct PCR).