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. 2003 Aug 15;89(Suppl 1):S59–S66. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601085

Table 3. Abbreviations and their meanings.

CK Cytokeratins KL1, CK5/6, CK7, CK19, CK20
CD45 Leucocyte differentiation antigens
PS 100 Protein S100
CD20 B lymphocyte
CD3 T lymphocyte
EMA Epithelial membrane antigen
CD30 Activation antigen
ALK Anaplastic lymphoma kinase
HMB45, melan A Melanic markers
SMA Smooth muscle actin
SMD Striated muscle desmin
CD31,CD34 Vascular ‘markers’
CD68 Histiocyte ‘marker’
CD99 Primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) ‘marker’
CD117 c-kit protein
VIM Vimentin
Calretinin, HBME1, WT1 Mesothelial markers
PLAP Placental alkaline phosphatase
AFP α-Foetoprotein
βHCG β-Human chorionic gonadotrophin
CGA Chromogranin A
SYN Synaptophysin
NSE Neurone specific enolase
CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen
Hep Par1 Hepatocellular antigen
PSA Prostate specific antigen
TTF1 Thyroid transcription factor 1
GCDFP Gross cystic disease fluid protein
ER Oestrogen receptors
PR Progesterone receptors
GFAP Glial fibrillary acidic protein
NF Neurofilaments