TABLE 2.

Mutations in global regulators of survivor strains^a

Gene	Sequencing result compared to sequence of parental strain CS101	Function of gene product	Reference
codY	Point mutation of G to A in Alt. 1. Causes aa 128 to change from G to E.	Controls expression of stationary genes by repressing exponential phase genes.	44
ccpA	No mutations	Repressor that plays a role in catabolite repression.	20
srv	No mutations	Homologous to a member of Crp/Fnr family (involved in the acetate switch). Regulates virulence factors in S. pyogenes.	68
SPY1548	Alt 2 showed an insertion of 12 bases. Adds Ile-Val-Val-Ala. Insertion is a repeat of sequence preceding it.	FNR-like protein, which is involved in the acetate switch. FNR is an activator of the Arc operon in S. gordonii.	22
relA	No mutations	Converts GTP to pppGpp during the stringent response.	44
ropB	No mutations	A mutation in rgg causes utilization of serine and arginine in the presence of carbon. Rgg affects growth phase proteins associated with amino acid utilization.	11,13
SPY1630	No mutations	Omega subunit of RNA polymerase. Has a role in stringent response in E. coli.	82
SPY0145	No mutations	Homology to AldR, which is a negative regulator of transcription for genes involved in amino acid metabolism in L. lactis.	31
covRS	No mutations	Two-component response regulator that acts as a repressor of ∼15% of the GAS genome. Has a role in stress response and regulation of multiple virulence factors.	14

^aaa, amino acid.