Table 4.
Suggested reasons/causes for child labour
| Source | Family circumstances | Unemployed parents | Survival | Forced to work | Large family | Poverty | Weak child legislation | Inadequate elementary education | Bonded labour | Illiteracy | Rural to urban migration | Gender issues | Drug addict parents | Provide cheap labour | Work to earn skills | Own choice |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmed 1991 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Tabassum 2002 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Channar 2000 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| Talaat 1996 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Talaat 1999 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Sethi 2002 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
| Mustansar 1998 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||
| Chhabra 1998 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
| Human Rights Watch | ||||||||||||||||
| 2002 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
| SPARC 2002 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
| UNICEF 2003 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
SRARC=Society for the Protection of the Rights of the Child; UNICEF=United Nations Children's Fund