TABLE II.
Results of pairwise comparisons testing for differences in covariance values across pairs and tasks. All p values were Bonferroni corrected. Nonsignificant findings are shown in bold. Pa: Palatoalveolar.
| Pairwise comparison |
Omnibus | T1×T2 | T2×T3 | T3×T4 | T1×T3 | T2×T4 | T1×T4 | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| df | F | p | df | F | p | df | F | p | df | F | p | df | F | p | df | F | p | df | F | p | |
| Alveolar vs Palatal | (6,31) | 38.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 13.4 | 0.0008 | 1 | 170.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 13.9 | 0.0007 | 1 | 86.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 40.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 92.1 | 0.0001 |
| Alveolar vs Pa | (6,35) | 8.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 34.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 1.9 | 0.1802 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.9450 | 1 | 5.0 | 0.0317 | 1 | 11.5 | 0.0016 | 1 | 6.4 | 0.0151 |
| Alveolar vs Velar | (6,34) | 48.8 | 0.0001 | 1 | 16.5 | 0.0002 | 1 | 115.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 61.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 14.7 | 0.0004 | 1 | 148.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 74.2 | 0.0001 |
| Alveolar vs Retroflex | (6,33) | 7.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 21.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.9658 | 1 | 1.7 | 0.1984 | 1 | 2.9 | 0.0983 | 1 | 17.3 | 0.0002 | 1 | 11.3 | 0.0018 |
| Alveolar vs Lateral | (6,30) | 34.8 | 0.0001 | 1 | 108.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4722 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.0673 | 1 | 54.2 | 0.0001 | 1 | 16.67 | 0.0002 | 1 | 21.8 | 0.0001 |
| Alveolar vs Swallow | (6,26) | 44.2 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.3448 | 1 | 66.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 117.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.8 | 0.3746 | 1 | 39.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 16.3 | 0.0003 |
| Palatal vs Pa | (6,31) | 42.1 | 0.0001 | 1 | 2.2 | 0.1481 | 1 | 186.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 14.4 | 0.0005 | 1 | 57.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 71.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 97.9 | 0.0001 |
| Palatal vs Velar | (6,30) | 27.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 53.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 31.8 | 0.0001 | 1 | 57.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 32.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 9.1 | 0.0047 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.6848 |
| Palatal vs Retroflex | (6,29) | 20.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 1.1 | 0.3053 | 1 | 115.2 | 0.0001 | 1 | 19.1 | 0.0001 | 1 | 56.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 49.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 65.8 | 0.0001 |
| Palatal vs Lateral | (6,28) | 38.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 78.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 100.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 20.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 115.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 21.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 19.4 | 0.0001 |
| Palatal vs Swallow | (6,24) | 8.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 10.1 | 0.0035 | 1 | 1.6 | 0.2153 | 1 | 20.8 | 0.0001 | 1 | 25.2 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.9509 | 1 | 5.2 | 0.0306 |
| Pa vs Velar | (6,34) | 50.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 55.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 91.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 62.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 3.7 | 0.0631 | 1 | 225.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 79.5 | 0.0001 |
| Pa vs Retroflex | (6,33) | 4.3 | 0.0025 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.8741 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.4198 | 1 | 1.3 | 0.2567 | 1 | 6.5 | 0.0149 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.3488 | 1 | 3.9 | 0.0545 |
| Pa vs Lateral | (6,30) | 42.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 117.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.6841 | 1 | 1.8 | 0.18461 | 1 | 38.2 | 0.0001 | 1 | 22.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 24.8 | 0.0001 |
| Pa vs Swallow | (6,26) | 35.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 16.82 | 0.0003 | 1 | 51.1 | 0.0001 | 1 | 106.0 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.12 | 0.73089 | 1 | 50.89 | 0.0001 | 1 | 21.4 | 0.0001 |
| Velar vs Retroflex | (6,32) | 28.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 38.6 | 0.0001 | 1 | 64.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 76.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 11.6 | 0.0016 | 1 | 154.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 61.3 | 0.0001 |
| Velar vs Lateral | (6,29) | 18.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 22.66 | 0.0001 | 1 | 69.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 58.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 55.2 | 0.0001 | 1 | 61.69 | 0.0001 | 1 | 17.68 | 0.0002 |
| Velar vs Swallow | (6,25) | 10.5 | 0.0001 | 1 | 2.2 | 0.1485 | 1 | 4.2 | 0.0504 | 1 | 0.8 | 0.39337 | 1 | 3.7 | 0.06287 | 1 | 6.6 | 0.01528 | 1 | 8 | 0.0084 |
| Retroflex vs Lateral | (6,28) | 16.6 | 0.0001 | 1 | 78.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.6128 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.94993 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.06572 | 1 | 41.1 | 0.0001 | 1 | 35.0 | 0.0001 |
| Retroflex vs Swallow | (6,25) | 46.8 | 0.0001 | 1 | 11.1 | 0.0023 | 1 | 53.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 160.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 2.7 | 0.11342 | 1 | 64.4 | 0.0001 | 1 | 25.5 | 0.0001 |
| Lateral vs Swallow | (6,22) | 32.7 | 0.0001 | 1 | 13.1 | 0.0012 | 1 | 85.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 115.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 28.3 | 0.0001 | 1 | 36.9 | 0.0001 | 1 | 1.6 | 0.2109 |