Figure 9.

The ability of T. virens to hydrolyze Suc is necessary for the up-regulation of sm1. A, Comparison of the expression of sm1 in Gv29-8, Δtvinv2, or Δtvinv5. Fungal spores were germinated in VM medium supplemented with 1.5% (v/v) glycerol. One gram of fungal hyphae was inoculated into the hydroponic systems containing 4-d-old maize plants or Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) as control. Two days after inoculation, fungal material was collected and sm1 expression was assayed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Expression of actin was used as a quantitative internal control. The gene expression data were normalized to the reference control. The data depicted are mean values ± sd of two independent experiments. Bars with different letters differ significantly according to Tukey's HSD test at a significance level of 5%. B, Quantitative analysis of the foliar lesions caused by Colletotrichum graminicola on leaves of maize plants inoculated with Gv29-8, Δtvinv2, or Δtvinv5. The bars depict the average area of lesions (in arbitrary units [AU]) on maize leaves 4 d post inoculation with the pathogen. The data represent mean areas ± sd of five lesions produced on five different plants from two independent experiments. Bars with letters in common did not differ significantly according to Tukey's HSD test at a significance level of 5%. NT, Nontreated.