| Allopurinol |
Renal function (dose reduction) |
| 100–300 mg/d |
Drug interactions (metabolization of azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine is inhibited, leading to serious neutropenia) |
| (short-term up to max. 600–800 mg/d) |
Target serum uric acid levels are not always achieved |
| (EL Ib) |
Hypersensitivity reactions in 1 case in 300 (very rarely fatal; often start after latent period of weeks or months) |
|
Nonselective inhibition of xanthine oxidase |
| Benzbromarone |
Liver toxicity |
| 20–100 mg/d |
Risk of uric acid stone formation |
| (EL Ib) |
| Probenecid |
Only when renal function is normal |
| 1–3 g/d as separate doses |
Drug interactions |
| (EL Ib) |
Target serum uric acid levels are not always achieved |
|
Requirement: several doses must be spread throughout the day |
| Urinary alkalizing substances |
Check urinary pH every 2 hours; uric acid excretion is improved at low urinary pH. |
| (citrate) |
To prevent kidney stones, take 3–4 times daily alongside treatment with uricosuric drugs. |
| Blemaren 3 × 1–2 dispersible tablets |
| (EL III) |
Costs often not reimbursed |
