. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 2.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Immunol. 2008 Dec;38(12):3450–3458. doi: 10.1002/eji.200838640

Table 1.

Effect of APRIL deficiency on cytokine production by unpolarized (ThN), Th1, Th2, or Th17 polarized CD4⁺ T cells after primary (1°) and secondary (2°) stimulation

Polarization	Cytokine regulation in APRIL^−/− versus APRIL^+/+ CD4⁺ T cells^a
Polarization	IFN-γ	IL-4	IL-5	IL-10	IL-13	IL-17
ThN	Up, 2°	Up, 1°+ 2°	Up, 2°	Up, 2°	Up, 2°	none
Th1	none	none	none	none	none	none
Th2	none	none	none	none	Up, 1°+ 2°	Up, 2°
Th17	none	none	none	Down, 1°	none	none

‘Up’ and ‘Down’ indicates statistically significantly higher or lower cytokine levels, respectively, secreted by APRIL^−/− CD4⁺ T cells compared to APRIL^+/+ CD4⁺ T cells. 1° or 2° indicates change only after primary or secondary stimulation, respectively; 1° + 2° indicates change after either stimulation.