Table 4.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of stillbirths and neonatal, post-neonatal, and infant deaths by deprivation category in Scotland 1994-2003, with contribution of smoking to the social inequality
| Deprivation category | Stillbirths (n=2699) | Neonatal (n=1350) | Post-neonatal (n=832) | Infant (n=2182) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (least) (reference group): | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Model A* | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Model B† | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2: | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1.24 (1.08 to 1.42) | 0.99 (0.82 to 1.20) | 1.17 (0.88 to 1.55) | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.22) |
| Model A* | 1.22 (1.06 to 1.40) | 0.97 (0.80 to 1.17) | 1.10 (0.83 to 1.45) | 1.01 (0.86 to 1.18) |
| Model B† | 1.16 (1.01 to 1.33) | 0.95 (0.78 to 1.14) | 1.03 (0.78 to 1.37) | 0.97 (0.83 to 1.13) |
| 3: | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1.42 (1.24 to 1.61) | 1.19 (0.99 to 1.42) | 1.60 (1.23 to 2.07) | 1.31 (1.13 to 1.51) |
| Model A* | 1.39 (1.22 to 1.59) | 1.14 (0.95 to 1.37) | 1.42 (1.09 to 1.85) | 1.22 (1.05 to 1.42) |
| Model B† | 1.27 (1.11 to 1.45) | 1.09 (0.91 to 1.30) | 1.28 (0.98 to 1.66) | 1.14 (0.98 to 1.32) |
| 4: | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1.46 (1.28 to 1.66) | 1.10 (0.92 to 1.32) | 1.95 (1.52 to 2.50) | 1.35 (1.17 to 1.56) |
| Model A* | 1.42 (1.25 to 1.62) | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.26) | 1.65 (1.29 to 2.13) | 1.23 (1.06 to 1.42) |
| Model B† | 1.28 (1.12 to 1.46) | 0.99 (0.82 to 1.19) | 1.44 (1.12 to 1.86) | 1.13 (0.97 to 1.31) |
| 5 (most): | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1.56 (1.38 to 1.77) | 1.37 (1.16 to 1.62) | 2.56 (2.02 to 3.24) | 1.72 (1.50 to 1.97) |
| Model A* | 1.52 (1.34 to 1.73) | 1.28 (1.07 to 1.51) | 2.05 (1.61 to 2.61) | 1.51 (1.32 to 1.74) |
| Model B† | 1.32 (1.16 to 1.50) | 1.19 (1.00 to 1.41) | 1.70 (1.33 to 2.17) | 1.35 (1.17 to 1.55) |
| Tests for trend‡ (P value): | ||||
| Unadjusted | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Model A* | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Model B† | <0.001 | 0.04 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Contribution of smoking (%)§ | −38.46 | −32.14 | −33.33 | −31.17 |
*Adjusted for year of birth, maternal age, parity, infant sex, primary obstetric intervention.
†Adjusted for year of birth, maternal age, parity, infant sex, primary obstetric intervention, smoking during pregnancy.
‡χ2 test of effect of fitting deprivation category as ordinal rather than categorical variable.
§Contribution of smoking to inequality between deprivation categories 5 and 1.