. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 2.

Published in final edited form as: Biol Chem. 2009 Mar;390(3):191–214. doi: 10.1515/BC.2009.033

Table 2.

Glutathionylated proteins

Enzymes with active-site thiols:

Aldose reductase

Carbonic anhydrase III

Caspase 3

Creatine kinase

GAPDH

HIV-1 protease

α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Paraoxonase 1

Tyrosine hydroxylase

Transcription factors:

AP-1

c-Jun

NF-kB

IKK β subunit

Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)

p53

Pax-8

Signaling proteins:

Akt

Hsp60

Hsp70

Insulin receptor PTP-1B

Keap1

Protein kinase A

Protein kinase C

MEKK1 (MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1; MAP3K)

STAT3

T cell p59fyn kinase

Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B

Ras

Ion channels and Ca²⁺ pumps:

RyR1

CFTR

SERCA

Other proteins:

Actin

Aconitase

Cyclophilin A

Hemoglobin

Complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase)

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Myosin

Neuronal Tau protein

Thioredoxin 1

Tubulin

This table identifies some of the proteins that can form glutathione S-conjugates in mammals. Please see Dalle-Donne et al., 2007, Ghezzi and Di Simplicio, 2007, and Mieyal et al., 2008 for reviews of this area.