Figure 3.
Metformin selectively kills cancer stem cells and functions synergistically with doxorubicin. A, Number of cancer stem cells (CD44high/CD24low; black) and cancer cells (CD44low/CD24high; grey) in the transformed (36 h TAM treatment) MCF-10A population that was treated with doxorubicin, 0.1 mM metformin, or both (n = 3). B, Cancer stem cells (SC) and non-stem cancer cells (NSC) obtained by sorting were treated with 0.1 mM metformin for 0, 24, and 48 hours. C, Tumor volume in nude mice at the indicated number of days after injection of MCF10A-ER-Src cancer stem cells that were or were not treated with 0.1 mM metformin for 1 hr prior to injection.