Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Characteristic | SCD Cases N= 99 |
Controls N= 294 |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr), mean ± SD* | 60.6 ± 6.2 | 60.5 ± 6.1 | Matching Factor |
| Caucasian (n,%) | 99 (100) | 294 (100) | Matching Factor |
| Current Smoker (n,%) | 23 (23.2) | 69 (23.5) | Matching Factor |
| Body-mass index, mean ± SD* | 27.1 ± 5.5 | 26.4 ± 4.9 | 0.24 |
| Parental History of MI <60 yrs (n,%) | 28 (28.3) | 52 (17.7) | 0.04 |
| HRT use (n,%) | 32 (32.3) | 102 (34.7) | 0.64 |
| Aspirin use > 22 days per month (n,%) | 25 (25.3) | 49 (16.7) | 0.04 |
| History of Hypertension†(n,%) | 60 (60.6) | 128 (43.5) | 0.005 |
| History of Diabetes (n,%) | 21 (21.2) | 21 (7.14) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol, g/d, Median (IQR)‡ | 1.10 (0–7.60) | 1.0 (0–6.60) | 0.70 |
| Physical activity, MET-hrs/wk, Median (IQR) ‡ | 10.9 (3.2 –24.0) | 9.3 (3.5–24.9) | 0.94 |
| History of CVD(n,%) § | 30 (30.3) | 89 (30.3) | Matching factor |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||
| Total | 234.3 ± 39.9 | 229.2± 41.3 | 0.27 |
| LDL | 155.8 ± 37.1 | 150.4 ± 37.8 | 0.20 |
| HDL | 64.6 ± 16.8 | 65.2 ± 15.3 | 0.76 |
| Total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio | 3.81 ± 0.98 | 3.66 ± 0.87 | 0.14 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 177.6 ± 95.1 | 158.8± 81.3 | 0.06 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 94.0 (47.0–194.0) | 79.0 (45.0–148.0) | 0.03 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 3.62 (1.50–7.60) | 3.08 (1.22 –6.52) | 0.04 |
*
SD denotes standard deviation
†
Self-reported systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg, or taking antihypertensive medication.
‡
IQR denotes interquartile range
§
Cardiovascular disease includes a history of MI, angina, CABG, or stroke