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Structure and physical/chemical properties of Carbopol 974P and Carbopol 971P. Both polymers are Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) and strongly mucoadhesive at lower pH due to H-bonding of the repeating carboxylic moiety (pKa 6 ± 0.5). In addition, aqueous-based gels made of each polymer are non-Newtonian fluids. Differences between the two polymers are listed adjacent to their structures.
