Table 1. Reward-guided learning.

A classification of reward-guided learning and behavior based on the type of responses being modified by experience. The content of learning can be experimentally probed using contemporary behavioral assays. For entries with question marks, no data is currently available. S-O, stimulus-outcome. A-O, action-outcome.

	Pavlovian		Instrumental
	Consummatory responses, e.g. orofacial responses to taste.	Preparatory responses, e.g. anticipatory approach. S-O	Goal-directed actions. A-O	Stimulus-driven habits. S-R
Sensitive to Outcome devaluation?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Sensitive to changes in S-O contingency?	Yes	Yes	No	No?
Sensitive to changes in A-O contingency?	No	No	Yes	No?