Table 3.

Adjusted Odds Ratios for Bipolar and Other Psychiatric Disorders in Offspring of Parents With Bipolar Disorder

	OR (95% CI)
Disorders	Offspring of Parents With BP vs Offspring of All Control Parentsa	Offspring of Parents With BP vs Offspring of Control Parents With Non-BP Psychopathologyb	Offspring of Parents With BP vs Offspring of Healthy Control Parentsb
Any Axis I disorders	2.2 (1.5-3.3)c	2.0 (1.3-3.1)c	4.0 (1.3-12.1)c
Any mood disorder	5.2 (2.3-11.4)c	4.3 (1.9-9.7)c	18.3 (1.7-200.0)c
BP spectrum disorders	13.4 (2.9-61.6)c	9.1 (2.0-41.7)c	15.1 (2.7-∞))c,d
Depressive disorderse	2.1 (0.9-4.9)	1.9 (0.8-4.6)	4.8 (0.3-68.6)
Any anxiety disorders	2.3 (1.3-4.0)c	2.2 (1.2-3.9)c	3.8 (0.5-27.5)
SAD, GAD, and/or SP	3.0 (1.5-5.9)c	2.9 (1.5-5.9)c	4.1 (0.4-46.5)
DBDs	2.1 (0.9-4.4)	2.1 (0.9-4.6)	1.9 (0.2-22.6)
ODD	1.9 (0.9-4.0)	2.0 (0.9-4.3)	1.3 (0.1-19.3)
CD	1.3 (0.2-8.2)	1.2 (0.2-8.9)	2.8 (0.1-220.7)
ADHD	1.4 (0.9-2.3)	1.2 (0.7-2.1)	3.5 (1.1-11.4)c
Substance abuse	0.7 (0.1-6.1)	0.7 (0.3-2.3)	2.1 (0.2-17.5)

Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; BP, bipolar disorder; CD, conduct disorder; CI, confidence interval; DBDs, disruptive behavior disorders; GAD, generalized anxiety disorder; ODD, oppositional defiant disorder; OR, odds ratio; SAD, separation anxiety disorder; SP, social phobia

^aAdjusting for offspring's age, race, socioeconomic status, living with both biological parents, and within-family correlations.

^bAdjusting for offspring's age, race, socioeconomic status, living with both biological parents, both biological parents' non-BP psychopathology, and within-family correlations.

^cResults are significant, with P≤.04.

^dThe upper 95% confidence limit to ∞ is owing to no BP in offspring of healthy control parents

^eIncludes major depressive disorder and dysthymic disorder.