Deuterated DHA, added to the ARPE-19 cell medium, is incorporated and converted to deuterated NPD1. (A) Time course of synthesis of d5-NPD1 in ARPE-19 cells and medium, after 100nM [2H5] DHA was added to cells at the onset of oxidative stress. Results are the average ± SEM (n=3). (B) Molecular structure of [2H5] NPD1, showing molecular ion m/z 364.15; the localization of deuterium at carbon 21 and 22 is also indicated. Dashed lines show typical product ion breakpoints at MS collision cell. (C) Molecular structure of endogenous NPD1, with molecular and product ions as indicated in B. (D and E) Typical TIC curve of detection for [2H5] NPD1 and endogenous NPD1 (E) in ARPE-19 cells treated as described in A. (Published with permission from Mukherjee, et al. Photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis attenuates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis with concomitant neuroprotectin D1 synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:13158–63. Copyright 2007 National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.).