Table 1.
Characteristics of the 1,211 subjects with autonomic measurements at EDIC Year 13/14
| Characteristic | Group | N | DCCT Baseline | DCCT Closeout | EDIC Year 13/14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean±SD, y | INT | 620 | 27.2 ± 7.1 | 33.9 ± 6.9a | 47.8 ± 7.0a |
| CONV | 591 | 26.5 ± 7.0 | 33.0 ± 6.9 | 47.0 ± 6.9 | |
| Female, No(%) | INT | 303 (49) | 303 (49) | 303 (49) | |
| CONV | 271 (46) | 271 (46) | 271 (46) | ||
| Body Mass Index, mean±SD, kg/m2 | INT | 23.3 ± 2.7 | 26.6 ± 4.3a | 28.6 ± 5.3 | |
| CONV | 23.4 ± 2.9 | 25.0 ± 3.0 | 27.9 ± 4.8 | ||
| Duration of diabetes, mean±SD, y | INT | 5.7 ± 4.2 | 12.3 ± 4.9 | 26.6 ± 4.9 | |
| CONV | 5.5 ± 4.1 | 11.9 ± 4.9 | 26.1 ± 4.9 | ||
| Hemoglobin A1c, mean±SD, % | INT | 9.1 ± 1.6 | 7.4 ± 1.0a | 7.9 ± 1.2 | |
| CONV | 9.0 ± 1.6 | 9.0 ± 1.5 | 7.8 ± 1.2 | ||
| Systolic BP, mean±SD, mm Hg | INT | 113.4 ± 11.5a | 116.4 ± 11.3 | 120.9 ± 14.4 | |
| CONV | 114.8 ± 11.7 | 116.2 ± 11.5 | 119.6 ± 13.8 | ||
| Diastolic BP, mean±SD, mm Hg | INT | 72.3 ± 8.9 | 74.8 ± 8.6 | 73.4 ± 9.1 | |
| CONV | 72.7 ± 8.8 | 74.1 ± 8.8 | 72.4 ± 8.7 | ||
| Total cholesterol, mean±SD, mg/dl | INT | 177.2± 33.2 | 180.5 ± 30.7 | 176.6 ± 36.1a | |
| CONV | 173.6± 32.3 | 182.3 ± 36.0 | 172.3 ± 35.1 | ||
| LDL cholesterol, mean±SD, mg/dl | INT | 110.5 ± 28.9 | 112.7 ± 27.2 | 103.2 ± 30.0 | |
| CONV | 107.8± 28.3 | 113.7 ± 30.6 | 100.2 ± 30.3 | ||
| Current smoker, No(%) | INT | 127 (20) | 139 (22) | 84 (14) | |
| CONV | 112 (19) | 118 (20) | 67 (11) | ||
| Any BP lowering medication, No(%)b | INT | b | b | 200 (32) | |
| CONV | b | b | 212 (36) | ||
| Beta blockers, No(%) b | INT | b | b | 31 (5)a | |
| CONV | b | b | 54 (9) | ||
| ACE, No(%) b | INT | b | b | 243 (39) | |
| CONV | b | b | 255 (43) | ||
| ARB, No(%) b | INT | b | b | 57 (9) | |
| CONV | b | b | 67 (11) | ||
| Lipid-lowering medications, No(%) b | INT | b | b | 316 (51) | |
| CONV | b | b | 318 (54) |
CAN Cardiac autonomic neuropathy, EDIC Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications, DCCT Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, INT intensive, CONV conventional, BP blood pressure, LDL low density lipoprotein, ACE Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB Angiotensin receptor blockers.
a
P < 0.05 for treatment group differences by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or chi-square test comparing INT and CONV treatment groups.
b
No medication data were collected in the DCCT. The use of blood pressure lowering medications was an exclusion criterion at DCCT baseline.