Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Subjects. Summary of population characteristics for each of the six studies used in the meta-analysis. All cases were diagnosed by CT/MRI.
| PHS17,18 | SOF19 | Vienna23 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects (n) | 319 cases, 2092 controls | 247 cases, 559 controls | 844 cases, 979 controls | ||||||
| Study Type | prospective | prospective | cross-sectional | ||||||
| Recruitment Period | 1982; follow-up through 1995 | 1986 – 1988; follow-up through 1998 | 1998 – 2001 | ||||||
| Population | Caucasians from USA | Caucasians from USA | Caucasians from Vienna, Austria | ||||||
| Cases | Controls | p‡ | Cases | Controls | p‡ | Cases | Controls | p‡ | |
| Age* (yrs) | 61.1±8.3 | 58.8±8.5 | <.0001 | 73.9±5.9 | 70.4±4.5 | <.0001 | 66.1±14.4 | 48.8±13.0 | <.0001 |
| Sex (% male) | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 50.6 | 53.4 | 0.23 | ||
|
Hypertension (% yes) |
48.6 | 26.8 | <.0001 | 79.8 | 62.1 | <.0001 | 72.2 | 34.2 | <.0001 |
| Diabetes (%yes) | 10.7 | 2.7 | <.0001 | 19.3 | 4.3 | <.0001 | 32.8 | 2.5 | <.0001 |
|
Smoking (% ever) |
60.7 | 56.6 | 0.15 | 29.8 | 37.5 | 0.15 | 54.9 | 41.7 | <.0001 |
| BMI*,† (kg/m2) | 25.6±3.3 | 25.0±3.0 | 0.002 | 26.9±4.6 | 26.8±4.9 | 0.83 | 26.7±4.6 | 25.3±3.9 | <.0001 |
| SBP*,† (mm Hg) | 133.6±12.8 | 127.4±11.9 | <.0001 | 151.9±23.1 | 140.4±17.5 | <.0001 | NA | 132.3±20.7 | |
| DBP*,† (mm Hg) | 82.1±7.0 | 79.0±7.2 | <.0001 | 78.2±11.6 | 76.9±8.9 | 0.13 | NA | 82.7±11.7 | |
| Westphalia20,21 | Pomerania22 | SHINING5 | |||||||
| Subjects (n) | 700 cases, 757 controls | 277 cases, 702 controls | 1163 cases, 1471 controls | ||||||
| Study Type | cross-sectional | cross-sectional | cross-sectional | ||||||
| Recruitment Period | 2000 – 2003 | 1996 – 2001 | 1997–2000 | ||||||
| Population | Caucasians from northwestern Germany | Caucasians from northeastern Germany | Chinese primarily from Beijing, China | ||||||
| Cases | Controls | p‡ | Cases | Controls | p‡ | Cases§ | Controls§ | p‡ | |
| Age* (yrs) | 61.0±16.9 | 58.7±9.9 | 0.002 | 62.8±13.2 | 62.7±11.8 | 0.88 | 59.3±10.7 | 61.1 ±10.7 | <.0001 |
| Sex (% male) | 56.3 | 46.6 | <.0001 | 55.1 | 50.8 | 0.23 | 60.3 | 60.1 | 0.93 |
|
Hypertension (% yes) |
68.0 | 41.0 | <.0001 | 66.8 | 52.9 | <.0001 | 69.6 | 77.1 | <.0001 |
| Diabetes (%yes) | 21 | 8.9 | <.0001 | 30.1 | 14.5 | <.0001 | 15.3 | 8.5 | <.0001 |
|
Smoking (% ever) |
NA | 54.1 | 87.6 | 58.3 | <.0001 | 39.7 | 32.3 | <.0001 | |
| BMI*,† (kg/m2) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 24.4±3.0 | 25.0±3.3 | <.0001 | ||
| SBP*,† (mm Hg) | NA | 145.9±21.4 | NA | 148.7±21.3 | 145.4±23.2 | 143.2±23.7 | 0.018 | ||
| DBP*,† (mm Hg) | NA | 89.1±12.2 | NA | 86.1±11.1 | 87.0±12.8 | 86.1±13.0 | 0.087 | ||
*
Continuous variables are given as mean ±SD.
†
BMI = Body mass index, SBP = Systolic blood pressure prior to stroke, DBP =Diastolic blood pressure prior to stroke.
‡
Using chi-square test for categorical variables, t-test for continuous variables.
§
Partially matched by age and BP group during recruitment