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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2007 Aug 16;18(5-6):535–544. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.06.006

Figure 3. ISG action against HCV or WNV replication.

Figure 3

HCV and WNV replication involves viral mRNA translation, membrane-associated replication of the viral genome, and a maturation/assembly process that involves secretion of enveloped virus particles from the infected cell. α/β IFN induced the expression of ISGs that suppress HCV or WNV RNA translational and replication. In addition, other ISGs likely impart antiviral actions against the various steps of virus replication. USP18 has been identified as a negative regulator of the ISG response against HCV.