Table 4.
ORs and associated 95% CIs from multiple logistic regression modeling the 2-year ADL disability incidence*
| Baseline (1998) characteristics |
Adjusted OR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis | 1.48† | 1.21–1.80† |
| Demographic factors | ||
| African American | 1.22 | 0.92–1.60 |
| Hispanic | 1.21 | 0.78–1.87 |
| Other race | 0.78 | 0.31–1.93 |
| Female sex | 1.21† | 1.00–1.47† |
| Age, years | ||
| 75–84 | 1.65† | 1.33–2.05† |
| ≥85 | 3.66† | 2.83–4.74† |
| Not married | 0.76 | 0.56–1.04 |
| Live alone | 1.19 | 0.89–1.61 |
| Health factors | ||
| Other chronic conditions | ||
| Cancer | 1.10 | 0.85–1.43 |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.39† | 1.17–1.65† |
| Diabetes | 1.53† | 1.15–2.04† |
| Heart disease | 1.14 | 0.89–1.47 |
| Hypertension | 1.18 | 0.98–1.44 |
| Pulmonary disease | 1.60† | 1.20–2.13† |
| Obesity | 1.41† | 1.17–1.69† |
| Stroke | 2.23† | 1.48–3.36† |
| Vision (poor/legally blind) | 1.40 | 0.95–2.06 |
| Higher level limitation(s) | ||
| Physical | 1.43† | 1.17–1.75† |
| IADL | 3.58† | 2.75–4.66† |
| Behavioral factors | ||
| Current smoking | 1.08 | 0.72–1.64 |
| Alcohol use ≥3 drinks/day | 0.81 | 0.45–1.47 |
| Lack of RVPA | 2.11† | 1.64–2.73† |
| Medical access factors | ||
| Education <12 years | 0.98 | 0.79–1.22 |
| Household income in the lowest quartile | 1.15 | 0.88–1.51 |
| Family wealth in the lowest quartile | 1.11 | 0.81–1.52 |
| Medicare only | 1.31† | 1.01–1.70† |
| Other government insurance | 1.36 | 0.96–1.94 |
| None/missing | 0.31 | 0.07–1.37 |
*
N = 7,758 participants in the 1998 Health and Retirement Study. See Table 1 for definitions.
†
Statistically significant.