Table 2.
Clinical Findings of Patients with Candida and Non-Fungal Endocarditis
| Clinical Finding | Level |
Candida n =33(%) |
Non-fungal n=2716(%) |
P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time since clinical manifestation | <1 month | 22(66.7) | 2046 (75.3) | 0.41 |
| >1 month | 9(27.3) | 602(22.2) | ||
| Missing | 2(6) | 689(2.5) | ||
| Evidence of IE on Exam | Yes | 25(75.6) | 2272(83.6) | 0.15 |
| No | 7(21.2) | 344(12.7) | ||
| Missing | 1(3) | 100(3.7) | ||
| Fever > 38.0° Cb | Yes | 23(92) | 2147(94.4) | 0.42 |
| No | 2(8) | 104(5.8) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 21(0.9) | ||
| Osler’s Nodesb | Yes | 2(8) | 73(3.21) | 0.19 |
| No | 23(92) | 2178(95.9) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 21(0.9) | ||
| Janeway Lesionsb | Yes | 2(8) | 116(5.1) | 0.52 |
| No | 23(92) | 2135(94) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 21(0.9) | ||
| Roth spotsb | Yes | 2(8) | 46(2) | 0.04 |
| No | 23(92) | 2205(97) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 21(0.9) | ||
| Vascular Embolic Eventb | Yes | 6(24) | 429(18.9) | 0.53 |
| No | 19(76) | 1822(80.2) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 21(0.92) | ||
| Splenomegalyb | Yes | 3(12) | 265(11.7) | 0.97 |
| No | 22(88) | 1986(87.4) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 21(0.92) | ||
| New Murmur | Yes | 10(30) | 1043(38) | 0.15 |
| No | 19(57.6) | 1134(41.8) | ||
| Missing | 4(12) | 539(19.9) | ||
| Intracranial Hemorrhage | Yes | 2(6) | 111(4) | 0.56 |
| No | 30(90.9) | 2535(93.3) | ||
| Missing | 1(3) | 70(2.6) | ||
| Intracranial Hemorrhage | Yes | 5(15.2) | 248(9.1) | 0.22 |
| No | 27(8.18) | 2408(88.7) | ||
| Missing | 1(3) | 12(0.59) | ||
| TTE Evidence of IEc | Yes | 17(68) | 1448(64.5) | 0.96 |
| No | 8(32) | 667(29.7) | ||
| Missing | 2(6) | 75(2.76) | ||
| TEE Evidence of IEc | Yes | 24(96) | 1757(90.7) | 0.76 |
| No | 1(4) | 100(5.1) | ||
| Missing | 2(6) | 94(3.7) | ||
| Surgery this episode | Yes | 15(45.5) | 1301(47.9) | 0.76 |
| No | 18(54.5) | 1403(51.2) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 12(0.44) | ||
| Indications for Cardiac Surgery | ||||
| CHF | Yes | 2(13.3) | 554(42.6) | 0.02 |
| No | 13(86.7) | 735(56.5) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 12(0.9) | ||
| Embolization | Yes | 6(40) | 257(19.8) | 0.05 |
| No | 9(60) | 1032(79.3) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 12(0.9) | ||
| Persistent positive blood cx. | Yes | 5(33.3) | 129(9.9) | 0.003 |
| No | 10(67) | 1160(89.2) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 12(0.9) | ||
| Myocardial abscess | Yes | 7(46.7) | 289(22.2) | 0.026 |
| No | 8(53.3) | 1000(76.9) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 12(0.9) | ||
| Valvular regurgitation | Yes | 6(40) | 885(68) | 0.018 |
| No | 9(60) | 404(31) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 12(0.9) | ||
| Vegetation | Yes | 6(40) | 639(49.1) | 0.46 |
| No | 9(60) | 651(50) | ||
| Missing | 0 | 11(0.9) | ||
a
P-values were obtained by Chi Square or Fisher’s exact methods.
b
Includes patients who had evidence of IE on history or physical exam (n=25 for Candida group and N=2272 for non-fungal group)
c
Not all patients had echocardiography.
TTE=transthoracic echocardiography; TEE=tranesophageal echocardiography; CHF=congestive heart failure; IE=infective endocarditis; Cx=culture.