FIGURE 3.

Mal D96N fails to degrade IκB-α effectively. NF-κB activation in the reconstituted cell lines was examined via IκB-α degradation assay. The cells were stimulated with LPS (left panel) or PAM₂CSK₄ (right panel) for the indicated time points, and the whole cell lysates loaded on a denaturing gel, transferred to nitrocellulose membrane, and blotted with IκB-α antibody. Levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) act as an internal loading control. WT, wild type; ko, knock out; WB, Western blot.