Fig. 4.
The effect of alcohol exposure and SAL and NAP treatment on the caudal raphe. Alcohol exposure (B) reduced the number of serotonin (5-HT)-immunostained (5-HT-im) neurons (arrows) in caudal raphe when compared with those of Chow control (A). The SAL (ALC + SAL, C) and NAP (ALC + NAP, D) protected against the alcohol-induced reduction of 5-HT-im neurons (see number of 5-HT-im neurons in Fig. 5). ALC, alcohol liquid diet; SAL, activity-dependent neurotrophic factor agonist peptide (SALLRSIPA); NAP, activity-dependent neurotrophic protein agonist peptide (NAPVSIPQ).