Table 2.
Characteristics of studies that analyzed the effects of surgical interventions to reduce weight on renal parameters
| Reference | Type of Study | Baseline Kidney Disease | Preintervention BMI (kg/m2) or Body Weight (kg) | Comorbidities | No. of Patients | Intervention | Follow-up | Renal Outcomes | Nonrenal Outcomesa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agrawal et al. (30), 2008 | Retrospective | Microalbuminuria | 49.1 ± 7.4 | Diabetes, metabolic syndrome | 94 | Roux-en-Y gastric bypass | 12 mo | Urine albumin-creatinine ratio | Hs-CRP, BP, diabetes |
| Alexander and Goodman et al. (31), 2007 | Prospective cohort | ESRD, CKD | NA | NA | 45 (total) 23 (CKD) 22 (dialysis) |
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass | Up to 13 yr | Serum creatinine | NA |
| Brochner-Mortensen et al. (32), 1980 | Prospective cohort | Glomerular hyperfiltration | 136.4 kg | None | 8 | End-to-side jejunoileostomy | 1 yr | Serum creatinine, GFR (using EDTA) | Extracellular volume |
| Chagnac et al. (29), 2003 | Prospective cohort | Glomerular hyperfiltration | 48 ± 2.4 | Hypertension | 17 | Gastroplasty | 12 to 17 mo | GFR (using inulin clearance), renal plasma flow, filtration fraction, albuminuria | Oral glucose tolerance test, BP |
| Navarro-Diaz et al. (27), 2006b | Prospective cohort | Glomerular hyperfiltration | 53.6 ± 9.6 | CAD, hypertension | 85 | Gastroplasty | 24 mo | 24-h urinary creatinine clearance, proteinuria | BP |
| Palomar et al. (26), 2005 | Prospective cohort | Microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria | 46.9 ± 6.3 | Hypertension, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea | 35 | Biliopancreatic diversion | 12 mo | Proteinuria, nephrolithiasis | Lipid profile, BP, hematologic parameters |
| Serra et al. (28), 2006b | Prospective cohort | Microalbuminuria | 53.3 ± 9.6 | Hypertension | 70 | Roux-en-Y gastric bypass | 12 mo | 24-h urinary creatinine clearance, proteinuria | Leptin, adiponectin, lipid profile, insulin level, BP |
CAD, coronary artery disease; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
a
All studies measured BMI and change in weight over time.
b
Same set of patients were included and different outcome measures were reported, and only study with longer duration of follow-up was used for analysis.