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Alternative pathway of complement activation generates anaphylatoxins that propagate inflammation. Activation of the alternative pathway in the elastase-induced AAA model leads to the generation of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a that recruit leukocytes and perpetuate inflammation, leading to AAA. The classical and lectin pathways are dispensable (X) in this model. In C3-/- mice, another protease can substitute for C3-convertase activity to cleave C5 to generate C5a.
