. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 7.

Published in final edited form as: Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2008 Aug 1;104(13):421–425. doi: 10.1007/978-3-211-75718-5

Table 2.

Characteristics of randomized controlled trials on the role of calcium channel blockers in TBI [4]

Study	Compton¹¹	HIT I⁵⁰	HIT II¹	HIT III²¹	HIT IV⁴⁵	Sahuquillo³⁹
Setting	Britain	Europe	Europe	Germany	International (13 countries)	Spain
Sample
Total (n)	31	351	852	123	592	22
Treatment (n)	20	176	423	63	290	11
Placebo (n)	11	175	429	60	287	11
Inclusion	severe TBI vasospasm on TCD	moderate, severe TBI	Moderate TBI	tSAH	tSAH	moderate, severe TBI
tSAH subgroup included	no	yes	yes	yes	yes	no
Intervention	nicardipine	nimodipine	nimodipine	nimodipine	nimodipine	nicardipine
Reported risks:
• Unfavorable Outcome (mortality, severe disability, persistent vegetative state)	no	yes (yes – tSAH group)	yes (yes – tSAH group)	yes (yes – tSAH group)	yes	yes
• Death	yes	yes	yes (yes – tSAH group)	yes (yes – tSAH group)	no	yes
• Side effects (hypotension, increase in pancreatic/liver enzymes)	no	yes	yes	yes	no	no