Table 5.

Whole-body dermal concentrations^a (ng mm⁻³) of monomeric and polymeric HDI measured in painters using different booth types

Analyte	Booth type	nb	Nc	Non-detectsd	Summary statistics			REML estimates (logged data)
					GM	GSD	Range	Within-worker variance	Between-worker variance
HDI	Downdraft	31	204	154	0.03	10.0	0.00003–3.45	2.04	1.47
	Semi-downdraft	10	61	29	0.07	5.93	0.00025–4.57	1.88	1.13
	Crossdraft	10	31	7	0.20	16.2	0.00015–121	3.56	5.22
	All booths	47	296	190	0.04	11.3	0.00003–121	2.17	1.91
Uretidone	Downdraft	31	204	177	0.10	14.3	0.00012–55.7	2.42	2.31
	Semi-downdraft	10	61	52	0.21	6.83	0.00030–22.4	1.50	1.91
	Crossdraft	10	31	22	0.49	10.5	0.00056–35.1	3.19	3.27
	All booths	47	296	251	0.14	14.1	0.00012–55.9	2.35	2.28
Biuret	Downdraft	31	204	190	0.10	7.85	0.00011–13.7	1.72	1.56
	Semi-downdraft	10	61	43	0.31	8.37	0.00064–550	3.13	0.95
	Crossdraft	10	31	20	1.12	34.9	0.00057– 2830	3.06	11.6
	All booths	47	296	253	0.17	11.9	0.00011–2830	2.17	2.88
Isocyanurate	Downdraft	31	204	11	25.2	8.23	0.014–3980	1.71	2.62
	Semi-downdraft	10	61	2	50.9	5.75	0.14–2670	1.43	1.93
	Crossdraft	10	31	2	103	10.1	0.13–7880	2.09	4.82
	All booths	47	296	15	33.8	8.25	0.014–7880	1.71	2.72

REML, restricted maximum likelihood.

^aIn calculating whole-body dermal concentration, multiple imputation (n = 10 imputed data sets) was used to impute tape-strip sampling data below detection limits.

^bNumber of workers. A total of four workers painted in more than one booth type; two painted in both crossdraft and semi-downdraft booths, one painted in both crossdraft and downdraft booths, and one painted in both semi-downdraft and downdraft booths.

^cNumber of paint tasks.

^dNumber of non-detectable values. Based on whether or not detectable levels of the respective polyisocyanates were recovered with tape-strip samples from any region of the skin following the completion of a paint task.