Table 1.
Characteristics at Baseline of 884 Women Who Were Enrolled in the Trial and for Whom Data on Vitamin D Levels Were Available
| Characteristic | Women with a low vitamin D level (n = 347) | Women with an adequate vitamin D level (n = 537) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 24.6 ± 5 | 24.6 ± 5 |
| ≤500 shillingsa spent on food per person per day | 38.7 | 42.3 |
| Occupation | ||
| Housewife | 71.5 | 74.1 |
| Professional | 3.2 | 2.6 |
| Business | 12.4 | 15.3 |
| Public house | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| Employed | 9.8 | 4.8 |
| Other | 1.4 | 1.9 |
| WHO HIV disease stage | ||
| 1 | 80.1 | 85.1 |
| 2 | 17.3 | 14.0 |
| 3 | 2.6 | 0.9 |
| Cell count, mean ± SD, cells/μL | ||
| CD3 | 1283.0 ± 456.3 | 1209.6 ± 458 |
| CD4 | 413.5 ± 202 | 428.7 ± 210 |
| CD8 | 808.7 ± 354.1 | 722.0 ± 318 |
| Vitamin D level, mean ± SD, ng/mL | 24.2 ± 6 | 43.1 ± 9 |
| Gestational age at randomization, mean ± SD, weeks | 20.1 ± 4 | 20.5 ± 3 |
| BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2 | 23.0 ± 3.2 | 23.4 ± 3.2 |
NOTE. Data are the percentage of women with the characteristic, unless otherwise indicated. BMI, body mass index; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; SD, standard deviation; WHO, World Health Organization.
a
One US dollar ≈ 500 Tanzanian shillings in 1995.