Table 2.
Summary of hypomethylated genes in prostate cancer.
| Genes | Function | Methylation frequency | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA) | Tumor invasion and metastasis | 75% to 96.9% | Pakneshan, 2005 |
| Cancer/testis Antigen Gene (CAGE) | Cell cycle control: cellular proliferation | 34% | Cho, 2003 |
| Heparanase | Tumor invasion and metastasis | 8.5 to 30.5% | Ogishima, 2005 |
| Cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1) | Hydroxylation of estrogens and activation of carcinogens | 5.7 to 17.1% | Tokizane, 2005 |
| X (inactivate)-specific transcript (XIST) | X-chromosome inactivation | <4% to >12% | Laner, 2005 |