Table 5.
DVDs-skills-based intervention effect from means and standard deviations pre- to post-intervention from HADS, ECI, FQ and AESED scores.
| Variables | N |
Baseline(T1) Means (SD) |
Post-interv(T2) Means (SD) |
Z |
p-value (2-tailed) |
d |
| Primary Outcome | 89 | |||||
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) | ||||||
| Depression scale(0-21) | 82 | 7.5 (4.4) | 6.0 (4.6) | -3.8 | 0.01 | 0.34 |
| Anxiety scale (0-21) | 80 | 12.0 (4) | 10.1 (4.5) | 3.6 | 0.01 | 0.47 |
| Secondary Outcome | ||||||
| Experience of Caregiving Inventory (ECI) | ||||||
| ECI-Negative(0-208) | 74 | 102 (37.7) | 83 (37.5) | -5.3 | 0.01 | 0.51 |
| Family Questionnaire(FQ) | ||||||
| Criticism (10-40) | 85 | 23.3 (5.5) | 22.3 (5.8) | -1.0 | 0.30 | 0.20 |
| Emotional Over-involvement (10-40) | 67 | 28.4 (4.4) | 26 (4.4) | -5.0 | 0.01 | 0.55 |
| Accommodation and Enabling Scale (AESED) | ||||||
|
Avoidance & Modifying R. (0-40) |
76 | 20.6 (9.7) | 15.6 (9.7) | -4.3 | 0.01 | 0.52 |
| Reassure Seeking (0-32) | 75 | 9.4 (7.4) | 8.8 (6.9) | -0.9 | 0.35 | 0.08 |
| Meal Ritual (0-28) | 82 | 7.7 (7.6) | 5.8 (6.4) | -2.4 | 0.01 | 0.27 |
| Control of Family (0-16) | 79 | 8.0 (4.8) | 5.7 (4.6) | -3.8 | 0.01 | 0.49 |
| 'Turning a Blind Eye' (0-16) | 71 | 2.6 (3.4) | 2.3 (3.6) | -0.9 | 0.34 | 0.10 |
| OVERALL score(0-132) | 70 | 48.3 (24) | 39 (25) | -3.8 | 0.01 | 0.38 |
*d = Effect size was calculated on based of subscales' means and standard deviations
Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test for paired samples was used for non-parametric distribution (2nd stage; n = 106)