Table 2.

Metabolic characteristics and lipid profiles of lean and obese Zucker rats at study end.

Parameter	LZR-RD	LZR-HFD	LZR-RD- PDTC	LZR-HFD- PDTC	OZR-RD	OZR-HFD	OZR-RD- PDTC	OZR-HFD- PDTC
METABOLIC PARAMETERS
Glucose (mg/dl)	167.0 ± 4.7	217 ± 13.13§	177.40 ± 2.22	186.0 ± 7.9¶	200.67 ± 11.93	301.0 ± 9.60*	200 ± 2.80	264.80 ± 8.71‡
BUN(mg/dl)	18 ± 0.5	26 ± 0.5§	11.82 ± 0.20	14 ± 0.89¶	20.80 ± 0.78	52.80 ± 1.13*	14.36 ± 0.22	20.50 ± 0.88*‡
Creatinine(mg/dl)	0.48 ± 0.007	0.71 ± 0.03§	0.30 ± 0.01	0.41 ± 0.004¶	0.58 ± 0.026	1.12 ± 0.03*	0.48 ± 0.01	0.7 ± 0.01‡
BUN/Cre(mg/mg)	37.19 ± 1.9	37.14 ± 1.8	36. 66± 1.32	34.14 ± 1.07	37.33 ± 2.14	47.70 ± 1.29*	29.16 ± 1.01	28.58 ± 1.22‡
CRP (ng/ml)	29.50 ± 0.32	83.91 ± 2.33§	22.71 ± 0.59	54.32 ± 0.81¶	49.27 ± 0.54	96.17 ± 1.19*	32.30 ± 0.59	58.42 ± 0.93‡
Insulin (ng/ml)	1.94 ± 0.01	10.41 ± 0.17§	2.21 ± 0.14	7.2 ± 0.31¶	22.78 ± 0.85	91.99 ± 2.72*	21.40 ± 1.09	31.89 ± 1.2‡
Urinary albumin excretion (UAE)	11.13 ± 0.18	33.09 ± 0.23§	11.02 ± 0.62	16.15 ± 0.33¶	60.14 ± 1.42	116.2 ± 2.14*	63.45 ± 2.35	76.23 ± 2.84‡
PLASMA LIPIDS
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.39 ± 0.04	2.23 ± 0.04§	1.33 ± 0.21	0.81 ± 0.02¶	2.50 ± 0.08	10.55 ± 0.17*	2.41 ± 0.9	1.45 ± 0.33‡
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.65 ± 0.06	0.90 ± 0.06§	0.38 ± 0.01	0.76 ± 0.03¶	1.65±0.07	4.27 ± 0.10*	1.22 ± 0.03	1.86 ± 0.10‡
HDL-c (mmol/L)	0.25 ± 0.01	0.14 ± 0.01§	0.26 ± 0.004	0.40 ± 0.005¶	0.38 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.007*	0.40 ± 0.01	1.26 ± 0.01‡
VLDL-c (mmol/L)	0.12 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.006§	0.033 ± 0.001	0.08 ± 0.004¶	0.17 ± 0.001	0.33 ± 0.009*	0.088 ± 0.001	0.21 ± 0.01‡

The parameters of 15 week old rats were compared. Values are expressed as means ±S.E.M. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with repeated measurements. Post hoc pairwise mean comparisons of each treatment group to its respective control were conducted with Dunnett's test. P ≤ 0.05 were considered significant.

^§p < 0.05 LZR-RD Vs LZR-HFD;

^¶p < 0.05 LZR-HFD Vs LZR- HFD-PDTC,

^*p<0.05 OZR-RD vs. OZR-HFD,

^‡p<0.05 OZR-HFD vs. OZR-HF-PDTC.