Table 2.
Proteins involved in regulating centrosome duplication and function with known role in oncogenesis.
| Proteins | Proposed Function on Centrosome |
|---|---|
| Cell Cycle Associate | |
| CDK1-cyclin B | Regulation of centrosome separation in late G2 and centrosome function in mitosis via controlling PP1 and Eg5 |
| CDK4/6-cyclin D | Positive regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| CDK2-cyclin E | Positive regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| CDK2-cyclin A | Positive regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| CDC25A, B, C | Regulation of centrosome duplication and function by controlling the activities of CDK-cyclin complexes |
| ROCK I | Regulation of centrosome behavior and positioning |
| ROCK II | Regulation of timely initiation of centrosome duplication |
| p53 | Suppression of centrosome duplication by controlling CDK2 activity and by physically binding to centrosomes by physically binding to centrosomes |
| p21 | Suppression of centrosome duplication by controlling the activity of CDK2 |
| p16 | Suppression of centrosome duplication by controlling the activity of CDK2/cyclin E |
| p27 | Suppression of centrosome duplication by controlling the activity of CDK2/cyclin E |
| E2F1 | Positive regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| E2F3 | Suppression of centrosome duplication by down-regulation of cyclin E |
| RB | Suppression of centrosome duplication by controlling E2F activity |
| NEK2A | Regulation of centrosome separation in late G2, and centrosome maturation in association with PLK1 |
| Aurora A | Regulation of centrosome duplication, centrosome maturation, centrosome separation in G2, and centrosome function in mitosis |
| PAK | Regulation of centrosome maturation via acting on Aurora A |
| PLK1 | Regulation of centrosome duplication, separation and function 35 |
| PLK2 | Regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| Plk3 | Regulation of centrosome function and microtubule dynamics |
| Plk4 | Regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| PKA | Regulation of centrosome function and mitotic spindle assembly in association with pericentrin |
| CK2 | Regulation of microtubule dynamics |
| MPS1 | Positive regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| CaMKII | Positive regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication |
| Protein phosphatase 1 | Regulation of centrosome separation by activating Nek2A and Aurora A |
| Protein phosphatase 2A | Regulation of centrosome duplication, maturation and function |
| Protein phosphatase 4 | Regulation of centrosome maturation; recruitment of γ-tubulin and PLK1 |
| Cyclin G2 | Regulation of centrosome function in association with PP2A |
| MYC | Promotion of centrosome duplication by controlling MDM2 and p27kip1 |
| Molecular Chaperones | |
| Nucleophosmin (NPM) | Negative regulation of centrosome duplication by centriole pairing. Positive regulation of centrosome duplication in association with ROCK II |
| Mortalin | Positive regulation of centrosome duplication by activating Mps1 and inhibiting p53 |
| HSP90 | Regulation of centrosome function by stabilizing Plk1 |
| E Ubiquitin Ligases | |
| Mdm2 | Positive regulation of centrosome duplication by promoting p53 degradation |
| BRCA1-BARD1 | Negative regulation of centrosome duplication and microtubulenucleation function. Regulation of mitotic spindle assembly. |
| SKP1 | Regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication as a part of SCF |
| SKP2 | Suppression of centrosome duplication as a part of SCF by (indirectly) inducing periodical degradation of cyclin E |
| Transport Proteins | |
| Ran | Regulation of mitotic spindle assembly by releasing the spindle assembly factors from Importins. Regulation of centriole pairing. |
| RCC1 | Catalyzing Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP |
| Ran-BP1 | Catalyzing Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP. Regulation of centriole pairing. |
| Importin α/β | Regulation of mitotic spindle assembly via inhibitory binding to spindle assembly factors. Regulation of centriole pairing |
| Exportin-1 (Crm1) | Regulation of initiation of centrosome duplication by acting on NPM |
| DNA Damage Checkpoint | |
| ATM, ATR | Triggering the G2/M checkpoint in response to DNA damage - allowing centrosome to re-duplicate centrosome to re-duplicate |
| CHK1, CHK2 | Establishing the G2/M checkpoint in response to DNA damage - allowing centrosome to re-duplicate |
| Rad51 | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| Rad51B | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| Rad51C | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| Rad51D | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| XRCC2 | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| XRCC3 | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| GADD45a | Regulation of numeral integrity of centrosomes by controlling Aurora A |
| BRCA2 | Suppression of centrosome amplification |
| MSH2 | Regulation of numeral integrity of centrosomes |
| PARP-1 | Regulation of centrosome duplication |
| Tankyrase | Regulation of mitotic spindle assembly |
| Others | |
| PML3 | Negative regulation of centrosome duplication by suppression of Aurora A |
| Pin1 (prolyl isomerase) | Negative regulation of centrosome duplication |
| Rint-1 | Negative regulation of centrosome duplication |
| RHAMM | Mitotic spindle assembly in association with BRCA1/BARD1 |
| TPX2 | Mitotic spindle assembly in association with BRCA1/BARD1, regulation of mitotic centrosome function by effecting Aurora A |
| TACC | Stabilization of microtubules at centrosomes as an effector of Aurora A |
| LATS2 | Regulation of centrosome maturation in association with Ajuba |