Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anim Behav. 2009 Jul 1;78(1):103–110. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.03.018

Approval ratings (%) for 20 potential examples of behavior (1-20) and 13 (A-M) postulated features of behavior

Organization ABS ABS ABS ISAE ISAE ISAE SPNB ALL ALL
Level of knowledge 1 2 3 1 2 3 ALL 1 ALL
Sample Size 78 14 4 44 14 5 14 92 174
Agreement rating
1 worker ants not breeding 0.67 0.75 0.38 0.52 0.68 0.80 0.75 0.61 0.64
2 sponge pumps water 0.83 0.71 0.88 0.75 0.57 0.50 0.50 0.82 0.74
3 spider spins web 1.00 1.00 0.75 1.00 0.93 0.60 0.89 1.00 0.97
4 rabbit grows fur 0.14 0.07 0.25 0.05 0.23 0.00 0.29 0.14 0.13
5 stomata open 0.37 0.39 0.63 0.28 0.31 0.10 0.71 0.37 0.38
6 leaves bend to light 0.49 0.57 0.38 0.35 0.43 0.30 0.79 0.49 0.48
7 heart beat after nightmare 0.37 0.36 0.25 0.26 0.25 0.30 0.54 0.36 0.34
8 person sweats 0.24 0.36 0.38 0.14 0.31 0.10 0.42 0.23 0.24
9 beetle swept by current 0.03 0.04 0.25 0.00 0.04 0.10 0.21 0.03 0.05
10 rat dislikes salt 0.71 0.57 0.38 0.59 0.75 0.80 0.61 0.70 0.66
11 person makes plans 0.80 0.75 0.25 0.82 0.86 1.00 0.86 0.80 0.80
12 horse becomes arthritic 0.06 0.04 0.13 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.14 0.06 0.06
13 mouse floats in space 0.10 0.00 0.38 0.13 0.04 0.00 0.32 0.10 0.11
14 algae swim toward food 0.87 0.86 0.63 0.69 0.68 0.50 0.79 0.86 0.78
15 frog orbits sun 0.05 0.07 0.63 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.14 0.05 0.09
16 geese in v-formation 1.00 1.00 0.75 1.00 0.96 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99
17 dog salivates 0.83 0.73 0.50 0.64 0.82 0.70 0.68 0.82 0.75
18 zebra herds form 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.92 1.00 0.90 0.92 1.00 0.96
19 chameleon changes color 0.59 0.71 0.50 0.47 0.61 0.50 0.57 0.59 0.57
20 cat produces insulin 0.17 0.14 0.25 0.03 0.11 0.10 0.25 0.17 0.14
A developmental changes 0.65 0.73 1.00 0.66 0.71 0.70 0.79 0.65 0.69
B response to ext. stimuli 0.17 0.00 0.50 0.06 0.14 0.00 0.61 0.16 0.16
C action, not inaction 0.17 0.14 0.25 0.11 0.07 0.00 0.21 0.16 0.14
D observable, measurable 0.38 0.27 0.50 0.56 0.54 0.40 0.69 0.39 0.46
E intuitively identifiable 0.14 0.07 0.13 0.13 0.23 0.10 0.18 0.14 0.14
F always internally controlled 0.81 0.82 0.63 0.79 0.64 0.30 0.89 0.80 0.78
G always involves movement 0.08 0.04 0.50 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.21 0.08 0.08
H individuals, not groups 0.35 0.29 0.50 0.29 0.07 0.20 0.32 0.34 0.31
I Individuals, not parts 0.75 0.58 0.38 0.78 0.71 0.70 0.43 0.75 0.70
J ext. and/or int. stimuli 0.81 0.89 0.88 0.94 0.93 1.00 0.85 0.82 0.87
K animals only 0.29 0.25 0.25 0.54 0.46 0.70 0.14 0.30 0.36
L human conscience control 0.09 0.00 0.25 0.09 0.15 0.00 0.25 0.09 0.10
M muscular action 0.19 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.14 0.20 0.11 0.19 0.18

Agreement ratings are arranged by professional affiliation of respondents and self-reported level of knowledge of behavioural biology. Agreement ratings are calculated as #agrees+0.5*Too few responses were received from PNB to treat levels of knowledge separately for this society. ABS = American Behavior Society, ISAE = International Society for Applied Ethology, SPNB = Society for Plant Neurobiology. See text for details of survey questions. Levels of knowledge are: 1=Professional, 2=Knowledgeable, 3=Little Knowledge