Table 5.
Conceptual match for fruit card sort by demographic characteristics
| Characteristic | n | % | Evaluative – Like/ Don’t like |
Specific – Food item |
Food char. – colour, texture, shape |
Script – scheme: lunch, birthday |
Thematic – Complementary relationship: cereal + milk |
Food preparation – baked, cooked, frozen |
Taxonomic – Ethnic food or places |
Goal– Have a function: add-ons, extras, etc. |
Evaluative – Health Perception: good/bad, junk, etc. |
Taxonomic– Professional: common properties/ similarities (salads, juices) |
Nutrient composition – Macro/micro nutrients |
Don’t know, not sure, not matched |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of students | 152 | 100.0 | 2 | 93 | 84 | 54 | 104 | 51 | 1 | 10 | 14 | 146 | 3 | 122 |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||
| Male | 66 | 43.4 | 1.5 | 54.5 | 56.1 | 22.7 | 68.2 | 31.8 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 12.1 | 98.5 | 1.5 | 86.4 |
| Female | 86 | 56.6 | 1.2 | 66.3 | 54.7 | 45.3 | 68.6 | 34.9 | 0.0 | 9.3 | 7.0 | 94.2 | 2.3 | 75.6 |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||||
| 8 | 23 | 15.1 | 4.3 | 69.6 | 52.2 | 26.1 | 73.9 | 13.0c | 0.0 | 4.3 | 8.7 | 91.3 | 0.0 | 95.7 |
| 9 | 27 | 17.8 | 0.0 | 59.3 | 51.9 | 18.5b | 70.4 | 18.5b,c | 0.0 | 11.1 | 18.5 | 100.0 | 3.7 | 92.6 |
| 10 | 34 | 22.4 | 2.9 | 52.9 | 47.1b | 41.2 | 73.5 | 38.2b | 2.9 | 8.8 | 5.9 | 97.1 | 0.0 | 70.6 |
| 11 | 26 | 17.1 | 0.0 | 69.2 | 50.0 | 46.2a | 61.5 | 42.3b | 0.0 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 96.2 | 3.8 | 80.8 |
| 12 | 15 | 9.9 | 0.0 | 73.3 | 80.0a | 33.3 | 53.3 | 60.0a | 0.0 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 86.7 |
| 13 | 27 | 17.8 | 0.0 | 51.9 | 63.0 | 44.4a | 70.4 | 37.0b | 0.0 | 3.7 | 11.1 | 92.6 | 3.7 | 63.0 |
| Language spoken | ||||||||||||||
| English | 136 | 89.5 | 1.5 | 58.8 | 56.6 | 37.5 | 65.4b | 36.0 | 0.7 | 7.4 | 10.3 | 95.6 | 2.2 | 78.7 |
| Spanish | 16 | 10.5 | 0.0 | 81.3 | 43.8 | 18.8 | 93.8a | 12.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 93.8 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||
| White | 47 | 30.9 | 2.1 | 40.4b | 51.1 | 48.9 | 61.7 | 31.9 | 0.0 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 95.7 | 6.4 | 70.2 |
| African-American | 37 | 24.3 | 2.7 | 64.9 | 59.5 | 24.3 | 59.5 | 43.2 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 10.8 | 91.9 | 0.0 | 89.2 |
| Hispanic | 66 | 43.4 | 0.0 | 72.7a | 56.1 | 33.3 | 77.3 | 30.3 | 0.0 | 7.6 | 6.1 | 98.5 | 0.0 | 83.3 |
| Other* | 2 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 |
| Obesity index | ||||||||||||||
| Normal | 86 | 56.6 | 2.3 | 62.8 | 57.0 | 36.0 | 67.4 | 30.2 | 0.0 | 10.5 | 11.6 | 97.7 | 2.3 | 81.4 |
| At risk | 28 | 18.4 | 0.0 | 46.4 | 75.0b | 39.3 | 67.9 | 42.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.6 | 92.9 | 0.0 | 82.1 |
| Overweight | 37 | 24.3 | 0.0 | 70.3 | 37.8a | 29.7 | 73.0 | 35.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 8.1 | 94.6 | 2.7 | 75.7 |
| Missing* | 1 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
| Household income | ||||||||||||||
| <$20 000 | 24 | 15.8 | 0.0 | 87.5a | 50.0 | 25.0 | 79.2 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.3 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 95.8 |
| $20 000–$59 000 | 32 | 21.1 | 0.0 | 78.1a | 56.3 | 21.9 | 87.5 | 34.4 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 9.4 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 90.6 |
| ≥$60 000 | 77 | 50.7 | 1.3 | 48.1b | 54.5 | 45.5 | 62.3 | 33.8 | 1.3 | 11.7 | 10.4 | 94.8 | 2.6 | 72.7 |
| Missing* | 19 | 12.5 | 5.3 | 52.6 | 63.2 | 31.6 | 47.4 | 31.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.3 | 89.5 | 5.3 | 73.7 |
| Highest household education | ||||||||||||||
| HS graduate or less | 34 | 22.4 | 0.0 | 79.4a | 44.1 | 23.5 | 85.3 | 29.4 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 5.9 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 94.1 |
| Some college/technical school | 23 | 15.1 | 0.0 | 69.6 | 52.2 | 43.5 | 65.2 | 34.8 | 0.0 | 4.3 | 17.4 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 78.3 |
| College graduate | 79 | 52.0 | 1.3 | 53.2b | 58.2 | 39.2 | 68.4 | 34.2 | 1.3 | 10.1 | 8.9 | 94.9 | 2.5 | 75.9 |
| Missing* | 16 | 10.5 | 6.3 | 50.0 | 68.8 | 31.3 | 37.5 | 37.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 87.5 | 6.3 | 75.0 |
| PROP | ||||||||||||||
| Non-taster | 34 | 22.4 | 0.0 | 55.9 | 52.9 | 29.4 | 73.5 | 23.5 | 0.0 | 11.8 | 14.7 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 79.4 |
| Medium taster | 71 | 46.7 | 2.8 | 62.0 | 52.1 | 38.0 | 73.2 | 38.0 | 1.4 | 5.6 | 7.0 | 95.8 | 2.8 | 81.7 |
| Super taster | 46 | 30.3 | 0.0 | 65.2 | 63.0 | 34.8 | 58.7 | 34.8 | 0.0 | 4.3 | 8.7 | 93.5 | 2.2 | 78.3 |
| Missing* | 1 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Obesity index: normal weight, BMI-for-age < 85th percentile; at risk of overweight, 85th percentile ≤ BMI-for-age < 95th percentile; overweight, BMI-for-age > 95th percentile. HS, high school; PROP, 6-n-propylthiouracil.
Number of children for each conceptual category not mutual exclusive.
Subscript notation: % a meaningfully significantly higher than % b; % c meaningfully significantly higher than % d.
Values in columns for each of the conceptual categories represent the percentage of children with the corresponding characteristics who used the category. For example, 1.5 in the ‘Male’ row and ‘Evaluative’ column indicate that 1.5% of the sixty-six males used an evaluative label for at least one of the piles.
Not included in comparison of meaningfully significantly differences (% differences > 25 %).