Table 3.
Histone methyl transferase (HMT) and histone demethylase (HDM) classifications and specificities.
| Histone lysine methyl transferases | Histone substrate specificity |
|---|---|
| SET domain-containing | |
| SUV39 family | |
| SUV39H1 | H3-K9 |
| SET1 family | |
| SET1 | H3-K4, -K79 |
| EZH2 | H3-K27 |
| MLL | H3-K4 |
| SET2 family | |
| SET2 | H3-K36 |
| NSD1 | H3-K36 |
| RIZ family | |
| RIZ1 | H3-K9 |
| SMYD3 family | |
| SMYD3 | H3-K4 |
| Non-SET domain-containing | |
| DOT1 | H3-K4, -K79 |
| Protein arginine methyl transferases | |
| PRMT1 | H4-R3 |
| PRMT4 | H3-R2, -R17, -R26 |
| PRMT5 | H2A; H4 |
| Histone demethylases | |
| LSD1 | H3-K4, -K9 |
This table highlights only those enzymes discussed in the text and is not fully inclusive of all existing HMTs and HDMs.
DOT1: Disruptor of telomeric silencing-1; EZH2: Enhancer of zeste homologue 2; LSD1: Lysine-specific demathylase-1; MLL: Mixed lineage leukaemia; NSD1: Nuclear receptor-binding SET domain protein-1; PRMT: Protein arginine methyl transferase; RIZ: Retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc-finger; SET: SuVar39, enhancer of zeste, trithorax; SMYD3: SET- and MYND-domain containing protein-3; SUV39: Suppressor of variegation 3 – 9.