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Mechanisms of action of different types of CCR5 inhibitors. Several CCR5 antagonists with diverse modes of action are being developed. In general, there are three categories of these inhibitors: those that allosterically modify CCR5 (such as small molecules), those that sterically block viral access to CCR5 (such as monoclonal antibodies) and finally those that lead to decreased expression of CCR5 on the cell surface (eg, RANTES analogs and genetic therapies such as ZFNs).
