. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 14.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Hypertens. 2008 Nov 20;22(2):215–220. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2008.326

Table 3.

Associations of intrauterine exposure to IGT and GDM with child overall and central adiposity at age 3 years

	BMI z-score (units)^a	SS+TR (mm)^a	SS/TR (ratio)^b

Child age 3-year outcomes		Effect estimates (95% confidence limit)
Normoglycemia	0.0 (referent)	0.0 (referent)	0.0 (referent)

IGT	0.002 (−0.17, 0.17)	0.25 (−0.48, 0.99)	0.03 (0.001, 0.06)

GDM	−0.08 (−0.37, 0.22)	1.31 (0.08, 2.55)	0.01(−0.04,0.05)

BMI, body mass index; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; SS+TR, sum of subscapular and tricep skinfolds; SS/TR, ratio of subscapular and tricep skinfolds.

Adjusted for child sex and age; maternal education, race/ethnicity, smoking, parity, age, prepregnancy BMI, and pregnancy weight gain; paternal BMI; birth weight z-score.

SS/TR additionally adjusted for age 3 BMI z-score.