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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 14.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatrics. 2009 Feb;123(2):682–689. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-0343

Table 3.

Regression Estimates of Child 3-Year Adiposity-Related Measures on Continuous Cord Blood Leptin (per 10 ng/mL) and Adiponectin (per 10µg/mL) Exposure

Variable Cord Blood Leptin Cord Blood Adiponectin


Estimate (95% CI) P Estimate (95% CI) P
BMI z score at 3 y of age
  M1 −0.09 (−0.22 to 0.04) .20 0.06 (−0.07 to 0.18) .38
  M2 −0.16 (−0.30 to−0.02) .02 0.08 (−0.04 to 0.21) .18
  M3 −0.29 (−0.43 to−0.14) .0001 0.07 (−0.06 to 0.19) .29
Weight-for-age z score at 3 y of age
  M1 −0.03 (−0.15 to 0.10) .67 0.001 (−0.12 to 0.12) .98
  M2 −0.10 (−0.23 to 0.03) .15 0.03 (−0.09 to 0.15) .63
  M3 −0.28 (−0.42 to−0.14) <.0001 0.002 (−0.11 to 0.12) .98
Height-for-age z score at 3 y of age
  M1 0.05 (−0.07 to 0.17) .42 −0.08 (−0.19 to 0.03) .16
  M2 −0.00 (−0.14 to 0.14) .99 −0.07 (−0.19 to 0.05) .26
  M3 −0.16 (−0.30 to−0.02) .03 −0.10 (−0.21 to 0.02) .10
Leg length at 3 y of age
  M1 −0.20 (−0.59 to 0.19) .30 −0.42 (−0.79 to−0.05) .02
  M2 −0.06 (−0.41 to 0.30) .75 −0.09 (−0.40 to 0.22) .57
  M3 −0.40 (−0.77 to−0.04) .03 −0.16 (−0.46 to 0.15) .31
SS+TR
  M1 0.19 (−0.36 to 0.74) .50 0.40 (−0.11 to 0.91) .13
  M2 −0.02 (−0.63 to 0.58) .94 0.45 (−0.08 to 0.98) .09
  M3 −0.24 (−0.88 to 0.41) .48 0.42 (−0.11 to 0.95) .12
SS/TR
  M1 0.92 (−1.03 to 2.87) .35 1.83 (0.01 to 3.66) .05
  M2 −0.43 (−2.64 to 1.79) .71 1.96 (0.04 to 3.88) .05
  M3 −0.22 (−2.61 to 2.17) .86 2.01 (0.09 to 3.93) .04
3-y leptin
  M1 0.59 (0.27 to 0.91) .0003 0.20 (−0.06 to 0.47) .14
  M2 0.59 (0.28 to 0.90) .0002 0.23 (0.00 to 0.45) .05
  M3 0.58 (0.25 to 0.92) .001 0.20 (−0.03 to 0.43) .08
3-y adiponectin
  M1 −1.15 (−2.26 to−0.03) .04 0.65 (−0.26 to 1.56) .16
  M2 −0.91 (−2.22 to 0.41) .18 0.61 (−0.36 to 1.57) .22
  M3 −1.38 (−2.81 to 0.05) .06 0.55 (−0.42 to 1.52) .27

M1 was unadjusted. M2 was adjusted for maternal education, prepregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain and duration of gestation; paternal BMI; and child age, gender, race/ethnicity, and breastfeeding duration. SS/TR outcome was additionally adjusted for BMI z score at 3 years of age. M3 was M2 plus BW/GA z score.