Table 3.

Invasive procedures completed in patients admitted to an ICU directly from the ED

	Prehospital (n, #)	Emergency Department	ICU <6 h*	ICU 6-24 h$
Endotracheal Intubation 125/178 (70.2%)	38/125 (30.4%) Paramedic 38/38	80/125 (64.0%) Staff: 35/80 Resident: 15/80 Paramedic: 4/80 Not recorded: 26/80	4/125 (3.2%) Staff:0/4 Resident: 4/4	3/125 (2.4%) Staff: 0/3 Resident: 3/3
Central venous catheter 56/178 (31.5%)	0	10/56(17.9%) Staff:3/10 Resident: 6/10 Not recorded: 1/10	30/56 (53.6%) Staff: 3/30 Resident:27/30	16/56 (28.6%) Staff: 1/16 Resident: 14/16 Other%:1/16
Arterial Line Catheter 99/178 (55.6%)	0	14/99 (14.1%) Staff: 3/14 Resident: 9/14 Not recorded: 2/14	71/99 (71.7%) Staff:8/71 Resident: 60/71 Other: 3/71	14/99 (14.1%) Staff: 3/14 Resident:8/14 Other:3/14
Chest Tube 8/178 (4.5%)	0	4/8 (50.0%) Staff: 1/4 Resident: 1/4 Not recorded: 2/4	1/8 (12.5%) Staff:0/1 Resident0/1: Other:1/1	3/8 (37.5%) Staff:0/3 Resident3/3:

(n = number of patients with ED diagnosis)

* Procedure completed within 6 hours of ICU admissions

$ Procedure completed >6 hours after ICU admission, but within first 24 hours of ICU admission.

% Other: hospitalist, medical student