Table 3.
Participant Characteristics
| Sample Weighted |
Variance due to Sampling Error (%) |
95% CI | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k | N | Md | SD | L | U | χ 2 | Nfs | ||
| Audience | |||||||||
| Graduate/Medical Students | 9 | 399 | .33 | .42 | 36 | –.49 | 1.15 | 25.27 | 6 |
| Undergraduate Students | 13 | 2264 | .40 | .22 | 33 | –.03 | .83 | 39.66 | 13 |
| Residents/Interns | 4 | 378 | .66 | .18 | 30 | .30 | 1.01 | 6.87 | 9 |
| Field of Study | |||||||||
| Medicine | 6 | 185 | .05 | .25 | 70 | –.42 | .53 | 8.61 | -- |
| Health | 5 | 1155 | .44 | .00 | 100 | .44 | .44 | 4.01 | 6 |
| Psychology/Counseling | 8 | 535 | .66 | .29 | 43 | .09 | 1.23 | 18.48 | 18 |
| Other | 4 | 685 | .24 | .24 | 29 | –.23 | .71 | 13.78 | 1 |
| Participant Gender | |||||||||
| 70% Males | 3 | 347 | .02 | .13 | 70 | –.23 | .26 | 4.34 | -- |
| Mixed Gender | 3 | 104 | .27 | .00 | 100 | .27 | .27 | .12 | 1 |
| 70% Females | 9 | 787 | .40 | .35 | 28 | –.29 | 1.09 | 32.64 | 9 |
| Participant Age | |||||||||
| 70% less than 35 | 7 | 274 | .22 | .40 | 41 | –.55 | 1.00 | 17.16 | 1 |
| Mixed Ages | 4 | 142 | .45 | .46 | 37 | –.45 | 1.34 | 10.89 | 5 |
| Participants had Incentive | |||||||||
| No | 7 | 1182 | .41 | .00 | 100 | .41 | .41 | 6.36 | 7 |
| Yes | 16 | 1545 | .36 | .34 | 27 | –.30 | 1.03 | 59.35 | 13 |
Note. k = number of effect sizes; N = Total sample; M d = Sample weighted mean effect size (d) corrected for measurement error; SD = Standard deviation of mean effect size; CI = Confidence interval; L = Lower; U = Upper; Nfs = Orwin’s (1983) Fail safe N (number of null effects to reduce M d below .20); -- = effect size already below .20.