. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2009 Sep;111(3):625–631. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181acf7e6

Table 3.

Hydromorphone Dose by Delirium Status on POD 1 Adjusted for Current Pain at Rest, Preoperative Narcotic Use, Surgical Risk, and Use of Other Medications with CNS Effects

	Adjusted Means
	No Delirium on POD 1 (n = 226)	Delirium on POD 1 (n = 108)	P-value
Hydromorphone dose on POD 1 (mg)	4.28±0.92	4.34±0.98	0.93
Hydromorphone dose on POD 2 (mg)	1.38±0.68	1.72±0.68	0.42

The results are shown in dose of hydromorphone (mg) ± SEM

POD = postoperative

Current pain refers to resting pain measured on the same day of the opioid dose, e.g. resting pain on day 1 for hydromorphone dose on day 1

The strengths of the relationship between the co-variates and the dependent variable (hydromorphone doses) are shown in figure 1