Fig. 1.

Flow diagram of recruitment and sample testing of children aged under 5 years (left) and infants (right) admitted to Kilifi District Hospital from January 2002 to December 2007. ‘Tested’ children refers to those who were enrolled, had a sample collected and tested, with the remainder either not enrolled or enrolled and a sample not taken and tested. Percentages in brackets within a box refer to the proportion of individuals from the preceding box. Note that among those untested who refused participation 121 children aged less than 5 years and 90 infants subsequently died and contribute to the denominator of the case fatality ratio (CFR).