. 2009 May 27;12(6):789–796. doi: 10.1007/s10071-009-0238-8

Table 3.

Performance of the subjects compared to chance level (Wilcoxon test)

Comparison		Ties	z	P ^c
Dog^a
No cross–both new	Chance	9	−3.017	0.001
No cross–one new	Chance	8	−1.409	0.213
Cross–both new	Chance	13	−0.904	0.453
Cross–one new	Chance	11	−1.811	0.113
Cross–no new	Chance	8	−3.176	<0.001
Ape^b
No cross–both new	Chance	0	2.83	0.005
No cross–one new	Chance	0	2.83	0.005
Cross–both new	Chance	0	2.71	0.007
Cross–one new	Chance	0	2.64	0.008
Cross–no new	Chance	0	2.56	0.01

^a n = 20 for each comparison

^b n = 8 for each comparison

^c 2-tailed