(A) Surface-shaded view of Sindbis virus at 9 Å resolution and viewed down at the icosahedral twofold axis. The flower-like trimeric spikes are seen in blue, and small portions of the lipid bilayer are seen in green. (B) A central cross-section of the virus particle showing the organization of the particle with the glycoproteins (blue), skirt region of the envelope (turquoise), the lipid bilayer (green) penetrated by the transmembrane helices of glycoproteins, ordered protease domain of the capsid protein (yellow), disordered protein–RNA region (orange) and RNA region (red). (C) Radial section at 208 Å of the 9 Å structure showing the nucleocapsid core viewed down at the icosahedral twofold axis. (D) Structure of the Semliki Forest virus envelope protein E1 in the monomeric conformation (protein data bank identification [PDB ID]: 2ala). The domains (DI, DII and DIII) are colored according to the scheme DI: red; DII: orange; and DIII: blue. (E) Structure of the ordered C-terminal domain of the Sindbis virus capsid protein (PDB ID: 1svp) 106–264.