Table 3.
Multivariate associations between biomarkers and late-life cognition, and estimated cognitive change. a
| AVLT | RAVENS | VFT | DST | ln(TMT) | g | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Biomarker + adjustments |
Unstandardised β (Standard Error) | Standardised β | |||||||||||
| Fibrinogen | ||||||||||||
| + Age and Sex | -0.90 (0.52) |
-0.037 | -0.77 (0.30) ** b |
-0.058 | -0.46 (0.41) |
-0.025 | -1.25 (0.33) *** |
-0.075 | 0.05 (0.01) *** |
0.087 | -0.10 (0.03) ** |
-0.072 |
| + MHVT | -0.67 (0.49) |
-0.028 | -0.57 (0.26) * |
-0.043 | -0.29 (0.36) |
-0.016 | -1.18 (0.31) *** |
-0.073 | 0.05 (0.01) *** |
0.081 | -0.08 (0.03) ** |
-0.058 |
| + MHVT and CVD risk factors | -0.60 (0.50) |
-0.026 | -0.46 (0.26) |
-0.035 | -0.32 (0.37) |
-0.018 | -0.85 (0.32) ** |
-0.052 | 0.04 (0.01) ** |
0.064 | -0.07 (0.02) * |
-0.046 |
| ln(C-reactive Protein) | ||||||||||||
| + Age and Sex | -0.30 (0.34) |
-0.019 | -0.72 (0.19) *** |
-0.083 | -0.63 (0.27) * |
-0.053 | -1.01 (0.22) *** |
-0.095 | 0.03 (0.01) *** |
0.092 | -0.09 (0.02) *** |
-0.093 |
| + MHVT | 0.24 (0.33) |
0.016 | -0.38 (0.17) * |
-0.045 | -0.19 (0.24) |
-0.017 | -0.73 (0.21) *** |
-0.069 | 0.02 (0.01) ** |
0.064 | -0.04 (0.02) * |
-0.048 |
| + MHVT and CVD risk factors | 0.31 (0.33) |
0.020 | -0.29 (0.17) |
-0.034 | -0.14 (0.25) |
-0.012 | -0.50 (0.21) * |
-0.047 | 0.01 (0.01) * |
0.045 | -0.03 (0.02) |
-0.032 |
| Plasma Viscosity | ||||||||||||
| + Age and Sex | -7.49 (5.01) |
-0.031 | -4.50 (2.85) |
-0.033 | -6.71 (3.96) |
-0.036 | -10.63 (3.25) ** |
-0.063 | 0.56 (0.12) *** |
0.093 | -0.95 (0.31) ** |
-0.065 |
| + MHVT | -5.45 (4.75) |
-0.023 | -3.48 (2.48) |
-0.026 | -5.64 (3.53) |
-0.031 | -9.21 (3.04) ** |
-0.055 | 0.51 (0.11) *** |
0.087 | -0.87 (0.26) ** |
-0.060 |
| + MHVT and CVD risk factors | -3.61 (4.90) |
-0.015 | -2.30 (2.55) |
-0.017 | -4.79 (3.65) |
-0.026 | -7.47 (3.13) * |
-0.045 | 0.45 (0.11) *** |
0.077 | -0.68 (0.27) * |
-0.047 |
a
Cognitive test scores adjusted for MHVT.
b
Nonsignificant after CVD adjustments.
*
P < .05
‡
P < .01
***
P < .001
AVLT = Auditory Verbal Learning Task, RAVENS = Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices, VFT = Verbal Fluency Test, DST = Digit Symbol Test, TMT = Trail Making Test, MHVT = Mill Hill Vocabulary Test, CVD risk factors = cardiovascular disease risk factors (ABPI, cholesterol, smoking, and diastolic blood pressure).