. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 18.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Neurol. 2008 Jan;65(1):65–70. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2007.31

Table 3.

Studies Comparing Effects of CNS Penetrating/Nonpenetrating ARV Drugs on CSF Viral Load

Source	Design	No.	Penetration Measure^a	Effect on CSF VL
von Giesen, 2005¹⁴	C-S	71	ZDV, d4T	Similar
Letendre, 2004¹²	P	31	No. of penetrators	Lower
Eggers, 2003¹⁵	P	40	Multiple	Similar
Solas, 2003¹⁶	C-S	41	IDV	Similar
Marra, 2003¹⁷	P	25	ZDV, IDV	Similar
Lafeuillade, 2002¹⁸	C-S	41	IDV vs LPV-r or NFV	Similar
Robertson, 2002¹³	C-S	98	No. of penetrators	Similar
Antinori (a), 2002¹⁹	C-S	75	IDV	Lower
Antinori (b), 2002¹⁹	P	29	≥3 Penetrators	Lower
De Luca (a), 2002²⁰	C-S	134	No. of penetrators	Similar
De Luca (b), 2002²⁰	P	50	No. of penetrators	Lower
Letendre, 2001²¹	C-S	1239	NNRTI- vs PI-based	Lower
Gisolf, 2000²²	P^b	27	SQV-r + d4T vs SQV-r	Lower
Murphy, 2000²³	P^b	27	APV-ZDV-3TC vs APV	Lower

Abbreviations: 3TC, lamivudine; APV, amprenavir; CNS, central nervous system; C-S, cross-sectional; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; d4T, stavudine; IDV, indinavir; LPV-r, lopinavir-ritonavir; NFV, nelfinavir; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; P, prospective, longitudinal; PI, protease inhibitor; SQV-r, saquinavir-ritonavir; VL, viral load; ZDV, zidovudine.

The method of estimating penetration substantially differed between studies.

Controlled prospective studies.